FM / man1

/opt/alt/openssl11/share/man/man1

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
asn1parse.1ssl	11210	0644	edit dl rm
ca.1ssl	33480	0644	edit dl rm
CA.pl.1ssl	12369	0644	edit dl rm
ciphers.1ssl	38208	0644	edit dl rm
cms.1ssl	32716	0644	edit dl rm
crl.1ssl	7679	0644	edit dl rm
crl2pkcs7.1ssl	7440	0644	edit dl rm
c_rehash.1ssl	8775	0644	edit dl rm
dgst.1ssl	11901	0644	edit dl rm
dhparam.1ssl	9318	0644	edit dl rm
dsa.1ssl	10014	0644	edit dl rm
dsaparam.1ssl	8002	0644	edit dl rm
ec.1ssl	10893	0644	edit dl rm
ecparam.1ssl	10197	0644	edit dl rm
enc.1ssl	19923	0644	edit dl rm
engine.1ssl	7350	0644	edit dl rm
errstr.1ssl	5082	0644	edit dl rm
gendsa.1ssl	7124	0644	edit dl rm
genpkey.1ssl	16064	0644	edit dl rm
genrsa.1ssl	8252	0644	edit dl rm
list.1ssl	6498	0644	edit dl rm
nseq.1ssl	6395	0644	edit dl rm
ocsp.1ssl	24152	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-asn1parse.1ssl	11210	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ca.1ssl	33480	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ciphers.1ssl	38208	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-cms.1ssl	32716	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-crl.1ssl	7679	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-crl2pkcs7.1ssl	7440	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-c_rehash.1ssl	8775	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-dgst.1ssl	11901	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-dhparam.1ssl	9318	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-dsa.1ssl	10014	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-dsaparam.1ssl	8002	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ec.1ssl	10893	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ecparam.1ssl	10197	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-enc.1ssl	19923	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-engine.1ssl	7350	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-errstr.1ssl	5082	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-gendsa.1ssl	7124	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-genpkey.1ssl	16064	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-genrsa.1ssl	8252	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-list.1ssl	6498	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-nseq.1ssl	6395	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ocsp.1ssl	24152	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-passwd.1ssl	7348	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkcs7.1ssl	7274	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkcs8.1ssl	16030	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkcs12.1ssl	18330	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkey.1ssl	9022	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkeyparam.1ssl	6323	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-pkeyutl.1ssl	16252	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-prime.1ssl	5509	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-rand.1ssl	6838	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-rehash.1ssl	8775	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-req.1ssl	30490	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-rsa.1ssl	10668	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-rsautl.1ssl	10955	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-sess_id.1ssl	9064	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-smime.1ssl	23612	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-speed.1ssl	7189	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-spkac.1ssl	8733	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-srp.1ssl	5933	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-storeutl.1ssl	7660	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-s_client.1ssl	37152	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-s_server.1ssl	35119	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-s_time.1ssl	12387	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-ts.1ssl	28698	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-tsget.1ssl	11430	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-verify.1ssl	34023	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-version.1ssl	5481	0644	edit dl rm
openssl-x509.1ssl	38496	0644	edit dl rm
openssl.1ssl	21596	0644	edit dl rm
passwd.1ssl	7348	0644	edit dl rm
pkcs7.1ssl	7274	0644	edit dl rm
pkcs8.1ssl	16030	0644	edit dl rm
pkcs12.1ssl	18330	0644	edit dl rm
pkey.1ssl	9022	0644	edit dl rm
pkeyparam.1ssl	6323	0644	edit dl rm
pkeyutl.1ssl	16252	0644	edit dl rm
prime.1ssl	5509	0644	edit dl rm
rand.1ssl	6838	0644	edit dl rm
rehash.1ssl	8775	0644	edit dl rm
req.1ssl	30490	0644	edit dl rm
rsa.1ssl	10668	0644	edit dl rm
rsautl.1ssl	10955	0644	edit dl rm
sess_id.1ssl	9064	0644	edit dl rm
smime.1ssl	23612	0644	edit dl rm
speed.1ssl	7189	0644	edit dl rm
spkac.1ssl	8733	0644	edit dl rm
srp.1ssl	5933	0644	edit dl rm
storeutl.1ssl	7660	0644	edit dl rm
s_client.1ssl	37152	0644	edit dl rm
s_server.1ssl	35119	0644	edit dl rm
s_time.1ssl	12387	0644	edit dl rm
ts.1ssl	28698	0644	edit dl rm
tsget.1ssl	11430	0644	edit dl rm
verify.1ssl	34023	0644	edit dl rm
version.1ssl	5481	0644	edit dl rm
x509.1ssl	38496	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /opt/alt/openssl11/share/man/man1/pkcs12.1ssl (18330B)

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "PKCS12 1"
.TH PKCS12 1 "2023-09-11" "1.1.1w" "OpenSSL"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
openssl\-pkcs12, pkcs12 \- PKCS#12 file utility
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBpkcs12\fR
[\fB\-help\fR]
[\fB\-export\fR]
[\fB\-chain\fR]
[\fB\-inkey file_or_id\fR]
[\fB\-certfile filename\fR]
[\fB\-name name\fR]
[\fB\-caname name\fR]
[\fB\-in filename\fR]
[\fB\-out filename\fR]
[\fB\-noout\fR]
[\fB\-nomacver\fR]
[\fB\-nocerts\fR]
[\fB\-clcerts\fR]
[\fB\-cacerts\fR]
[\fB\-nokeys\fR]
[\fB\-info\fR]
[\fB\-des | \-des3 | \-idea | \-aes128 | \-aes192 | \-aes256 | \-aria128 | \-aria192 | \-aria256 | \-camellia128 | \-camellia192 | \-camellia256 | \-nodes\fR]
[\fB\-noiter\fR]
[\fB\-maciter | \-nomaciter | \-nomac\fR]
[\fB\-twopass\fR]
[\fB\-descert\fR]
[\fB\-certpbe cipher\fR]
[\fB\-keypbe cipher\fR]
[\fB\-macalg digest\fR]
[\fB\-keyex\fR]
[\fB\-keysig\fR]
[\fB\-password arg\fR]
[\fB\-passin arg\fR]
[\fB\-passout arg\fR]
[\fB\-rand file...\fR]
[\fB\-writerand file\fR]
[\fB\-CAfile file\fR]
[\fB\-CApath dir\fR]
[\fB\-no\-CAfile\fR]
[\fB\-no\-CApath\fR]
[\fB\-CSP name\fR]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
The \fBpkcs12\fR command allows PKCS#12 files (sometimes referred to as
\&\s-1PFX\s0 files) to be created and parsed. PKCS#12 files are used by several
programs including Netscape, \s-1MSIE\s0 and \s-1MS\s0 Outlook.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
There are a lot of options the meaning of some depends of whether a PKCS#12 file
is being created or parsed. By default a PKCS#12 file is parsed. A PKCS#12
file can be created by using the \fB\-export\fR option (see below).
.SH "PARSING OPTIONS"
.IX Header "PARSING OPTIONS"
.IP "\fB\-help\fR" 4
.IX Item "-help"
Print out a usage message.
.IP "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-in filename"
This specifies filename of the PKCS#12 file to be parsed. Standard input is used
by default.
.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-out filename"
The filename to write certificates and private keys to, standard output by
default.  They are all written in \s-1PEM\s0 format.
.IP "\fB\-passin arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-passin arg"
The PKCS#12 file (i.e. input file) password source. For more information about
the format of \fBarg\fR see \*(L"Pass Phrase Options\*(R" in \fBopenssl\fR\|(1).
.IP "\fB\-passout arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-passout arg"
Pass phrase source to encrypt any outputted private keys with. For more
information about the format of \fBarg\fR see \*(L"Pass Phrase Options\*(R" in \fBopenssl\fR\|(1).
.IP "\fB\-password arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-password arg"
With \-export, \-password is equivalent to \-passout.
Otherwise, \-password is equivalent to \-passin.
.IP "\fB\-noout\fR" 4
.IX Item "-noout"
This option inhibits output of the keys and certificates to the output file
version of the PKCS#12 file.
.IP "\fB\-clcerts\fR" 4
.IX Item "-clcerts"
Only output client certificates (not \s-1CA\s0 certificates).
.IP "\fB\-cacerts\fR" 4
.IX Item "-cacerts"
Only output \s-1CA\s0 certificates (not client certificates).
.IP "\fB\-nocerts\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nocerts"
No certificates at all will be output.
.IP "\fB\-nokeys\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nokeys"
No private keys will be output.
.IP "\fB\-info\fR" 4
.IX Item "-info"
Output additional information about the PKCS#12 file structure, algorithms
used and iteration counts.
.IP "\fB\-des\fR" 4
.IX Item "-des"
Use \s-1DES\s0 to encrypt private keys before outputting.
.IP "\fB\-des3\fR" 4
.IX Item "-des3"
Use triple \s-1DES\s0 to encrypt private keys before outputting, this is the default.
.IP "\fB\-idea\fR" 4
.IX Item "-idea"
Use \s-1IDEA\s0 to encrypt private keys before outputting.
.IP "\fB\-aes128\fR, \fB\-aes192\fR, \fB\-aes256\fR" 4
.IX Item "-aes128, -aes192, -aes256"
Use \s-1AES\s0 to encrypt private keys before outputting.
.IP "\fB\-aria128\fR, \fB\-aria192\fR, \fB\-aria256\fR" 4
.IX Item "-aria128, -aria192, -aria256"
Use \s-1ARIA\s0 to encrypt private keys before outputting.
.IP "\fB\-camellia128\fR, \fB\-camellia192\fR, \fB\-camellia256\fR" 4
.IX Item "-camellia128, -camellia192, -camellia256"
Use Camellia to encrypt private keys before outputting.
.IP "\fB\-nodes\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nodes"
Don't encrypt the private keys at all.
.IP "\fB\-nomacver\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nomacver"
Don't attempt to verify the integrity \s-1MAC\s0 before reading the file.
.IP "\fB\-twopass\fR" 4
.IX Item "-twopass"
Prompt for separate integrity and encryption passwords: most software
always assumes these are the same so this option will render such
PKCS#12 files unreadable. Cannot be used in combination with the options
\&\-password, \-passin (if importing) or \-passout (if exporting).
.SH "FILE CREATION OPTIONS"
.IX Header "FILE CREATION OPTIONS"
.IP "\fB\-export\fR" 4
.IX Item "-export"
This option specifies that a PKCS#12 file will be created rather than
parsed.
.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-out filename"
This specifies filename to write the PKCS#12 file to. Standard output is used
by default.
.IP "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-in filename"
The filename to read certificates and private keys from, standard input by
default.  They must all be in \s-1PEM\s0 format. The order doesn't matter but one
private key and its corresponding certificate should be present. If additional
certificates are present they will also be included in the PKCS#12 file.
.IP "\fB\-inkey file_or_id\fR" 4
.IX Item "-inkey file_or_id"
File to read private key from. If not present then a private key must be present
in the input file.
If no engine is used, the argument is taken as a file; if an engine is
specified, the argument is given to the engine as a key identifier.
.IP "\fB\-name friendlyname\fR" 4
.IX Item "-name friendlyname"
This specifies the \*(L"friendly name\*(R" for the certificate and private key. This
name is typically displayed in list boxes by software importing the file.
.IP "\fB\-certfile filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-certfile filename"
A filename to read additional certificates from.
.IP "\fB\-caname friendlyname\fR" 4
.IX Item "-caname friendlyname"
This specifies the \*(L"friendly name\*(R" for other certificates. This option may be
used multiple times to specify names for all certificates in the order they
appear. Netscape ignores friendly names on other certificates whereas \s-1MSIE\s0
displays them.
.IP "\fB\-pass arg\fR, \fB\-passout arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-pass arg, -passout arg"
The PKCS#12 file (i.e. output file) password source. For more information about
the format of \fBarg\fR see \*(L"Pass Phrase Options\*(R" in \fBopenssl\fR\|(1).
.IP "\fB\-passin password\fR" 4
.IX Item "-passin password"
Pass phrase source to decrypt any input private keys with. For more information
about the format of \fBarg\fR see \*(L"Pass Phrase Options\*(R" in \fBopenssl\fR\|(1).
.IP "\fB\-chain\fR" 4
.IX Item "-chain"
If this option is present then an attempt is made to include the entire
certificate chain of the user certificate. The standard \s-1CA\s0 store is used
for this search. If the search fails it is considered a fatal error.
.IP "\fB\-descert\fR" 4
.IX Item "-descert"
Encrypt the certificate using triple \s-1DES,\s0 this may render the PKCS#12
file unreadable by some \*(L"export grade\*(R" software. By default the private
key is encrypted using triple \s-1DES\s0 and the certificate using 40 bit \s-1RC2\s0
unless \s-1RC2\s0 is disabled in which case triple \s-1DES\s0 is used.
.IP "\fB\-keypbe alg\fR, \fB\-certpbe alg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-keypbe alg, -certpbe alg"
These options allow the algorithm used to encrypt the private key and
certificates to be selected. Any PKCS#5 v1.5 or PKCS#12 \s-1PBE\s0 algorithm name
can be used (see \fB\s-1NOTES\s0\fR section for more information). If a cipher name
(as output by the \fBlist-cipher-algorithms\fR command is specified then it
is used with PKCS#5 v2.0. For interoperability reasons it is advisable to only
use PKCS#12 algorithms.
.IP "\fB\-keyex|\-keysig\fR" 4
.IX Item "-keyex|-keysig"
Specifies that the private key is to be used for key exchange or just signing.
This option is only interpreted by \s-1MSIE\s0 and similar \s-1MS\s0 software. Normally
\&\*(L"export grade\*(R" software will only allow 512 bit \s-1RSA\s0 keys to be used for
encryption purposes but arbitrary length keys for signing. The \fB\-keysig\fR
option marks the key for signing only. Signing only keys can be used for
S/MIME signing, authenticode (ActiveX control signing)  and \s-1SSL\s0 client
authentication, however, due to a bug only \s-1MSIE 5.0\s0 and later support
the use of signing only keys for \s-1SSL\s0 client authentication.
.IP "\fB\-macalg digest\fR" 4
.IX Item "-macalg digest"
Specify the \s-1MAC\s0 digest algorithm. If not included them \s-1SHA1\s0 will be used.
.IP "\fB\-nomaciter\fR, \fB\-noiter\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nomaciter, -noiter"
These options affect the iteration counts on the \s-1MAC\s0 and key algorithms.
Unless you wish to produce files compatible with \s-1MSIE 4.0\s0 you should leave
these options alone.
.Sp
To discourage attacks by using large dictionaries of common passwords the
algorithm that derives keys from passwords can have an iteration count applied
to it: this causes a certain part of the algorithm to be repeated and slows it
down. The \s-1MAC\s0 is used to check the file integrity but since it will normally
have the same password as the keys and certificates it could also be attacked.
By default both \s-1MAC\s0 and encryption iteration counts are set to 2048, using
these options the \s-1MAC\s0 and encryption iteration counts can be set to 1, since
this reduces the file security you should not use these options unless you
really have to. Most software supports both \s-1MAC\s0 and key iteration counts.
\&\s-1MSIE 4.0\s0 doesn't support \s-1MAC\s0 iteration counts so it needs the \fB\-nomaciter\fR
option.
.IP "\fB\-maciter\fR" 4
.IX Item "-maciter"
This option is included for compatibility with previous versions, it used
to be needed to use \s-1MAC\s0 iterations counts but they are now used by default.
.IP "\fB\-nomac\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nomac"
Don't attempt to provide the \s-1MAC\s0 integrity.
.IP "\fB\-rand file...\fR" 4
.IX Item "-rand file..."
A file or files containing random data used to seed the random number
generator.
Multiple files can be specified separated by an OS-dependent character.
The separator is \fB;\fR for MS-Windows, \fB,\fR for OpenVMS, and \fB:\fR for
all others.
.IP "[\fB\-writerand file\fR]" 4
.IX Item "[-writerand file]"
Writes random data to the specified \fIfile\fR upon exit.
This can be used with a subsequent \fB\-rand\fR flag.
.IP "\fB\-CAfile file\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAfile file"
\&\s-1CA\s0 storage as a file.
.IP "\fB\-CApath dir\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CApath dir"
\&\s-1CA\s0 storage as a directory. This directory must be a standard certificate
directory: that is a hash of each subject name (using \fBx509 \-hash\fR) should be
linked to each certificate.
.IP "\fB\-no\-CAfile\fR" 4
.IX Item "-no-CAfile"
Do not load the trusted \s-1CA\s0 certificates from the default file location.
.IP "\fB\-no\-CApath\fR" 4
.IX Item "-no-CApath"
Do not load the trusted \s-1CA\s0 certificates from the default directory location.
.IP "\fB\-CSP name\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CSP name"
Write \fBname\fR as a Microsoft \s-1CSP\s0 name.
.SH "NOTES"
.IX Header "NOTES"
Although there are a large number of options most of them are very rarely
used. For PKCS#12 file parsing only \fB\-in\fR and \fB\-out\fR need to be used
for PKCS#12 file creation \fB\-export\fR and \fB\-name\fR are also used.
.PP
If none of the \fB\-clcerts\fR, \fB\-cacerts\fR or \fB\-nocerts\fR options are present
then all certificates will be output in the order they appear in the input
PKCS#12 files. There is no guarantee that the first certificate present is
the one corresponding to the private key. Certain software which requires
a private key and certificate and assumes the first certificate in the
file is the one corresponding to the private key: this may not always
be the case. Using the \fB\-clcerts\fR option will solve this problem by only
outputting the certificate corresponding to the private key. If the \s-1CA\s0
certificates are required then they can be output to a separate file using
the \fB\-nokeys \-cacerts\fR options to just output \s-1CA\s0 certificates.
.PP
The \fB\-keypbe\fR and \fB\-certpbe\fR algorithms allow the precise encryption
algorithms for private keys and certificates to be specified. Normally
the defaults are fine but occasionally software can't handle triple \s-1DES\s0
encrypted private keys, then the option \fB\-keypbe \s-1PBE\-SHA1\-RC2\-40\s0\fR can
be used to reduce the private key encryption to 40 bit \s-1RC2. A\s0 complete
description of all algorithms is contained in the \fBpkcs8\fR manual page.
.PP
Prior 1.1 release passwords containing non-ASCII characters were encoded
in non-compliant manner, which limited interoperability, in first hand
with Windows. But switching to standard-compliant password encoding
poses problem accessing old data protected with broken encoding. For
this reason even legacy encodings is attempted when reading the
data. If you use PKCS#12 files in production application you are advised
to convert the data, because implemented heuristic approach is not
MT-safe, its sole goal is to facilitate the data upgrade with this
utility.
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
Parse a PKCS#12 file and output it to a file:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl pkcs12 \-in file.p12 \-out file.pem
.Ve
.PP
Output only client certificates to a file:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl pkcs12 \-in file.p12 \-clcerts \-out file.pem
.Ve
.PP
Don't encrypt the private key:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl pkcs12 \-in file.p12 \-out file.pem \-nodes
.Ve
.PP
Print some info about a PKCS#12 file:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl pkcs12 \-in file.p12 \-info \-noout
.Ve
.PP
Create a PKCS#12 file:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl pkcs12 \-export \-in file.pem \-out file.p12 \-name "My Certificate"
.Ve
.PP
Include some extra certificates:
.PP
.Vb 2
\& openssl pkcs12 \-export \-in file.pem \-out file.p12 \-name "My Certificate" \e
\&  \-certfile othercerts.pem
.Ve
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fBpkcs8\fR\|(1)
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright 2000\-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
.PP
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the \*(L"License\*(R").  You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.

cmd: